Ear training exercises

Ear training tips

Internalize the major scale

The foundation of ear training is the major scale. If you’re able to sing the intervals you’re off to a great start!

Most people (even non-musicians) already have the major scale tucked away somewhere in their minds – “Do, Re, Mi”.

Here’s a great way to internalize the major scale sound using just your voice and your guitar:

1. Slowly play through the C major scale to help familiarize yourself with how each note sounds.

‍

2. Next, strum a C major chord and slowly sing the notes of the major scale over it.

‍

3. You can either sing out Do-Re-Mi, or 1-2-3.
4. Once you can sing up and down the scale, you need to learn the name for each interval.

‍

P = Perfect, e.g: “perfect 4th”

M = Major, e.g: “major 3rd”

*We usually call P1 the ‘root note’, and P8 the ‘octave’. They’re the same note (in C major, both ‘C’) but separated by an octave.

Memorizing musical intervals

When you first start out, it’s useful to attach an interval to a recognizable melody. Here are a few examples to get you started:

• Unison – Jingle Bells
• Major 2nd – Happy Birthday
• Major 3rd – When the Saints Go Marching In
• Perfect 4th – Here Comes the Bride
• Perfect 5th – Star Wars Theme
• Major 6th – NBC Chimes
• Major 7th – Take On Me
• Octave – Somewhere Over the Rainbow

Spend some time looking for more examples online and find melodies you're familiar with.

The examples above are all ascending intervals (going up from the root note). Once you’ve got those locked in, find reference songs for each interval descending too.

Ear training exercises

We’ve got an episode specifically about ear training on our Pickup Podcast where we run through some examples of ear training exercises.

Here’s a breakdown of each exercise Sam and Karl go through, listen along and see how you do.

Exercise #1 – Identifying a bass line

Sam plays the line and it’s Karl’s (and your) job to sing it back.

If you can, try to sing the numbers for each interval – the first note of a bass line will almost always be the root note.

Being able to accurately recognize a bass line will give you the basic information necessary to navigate through a song.

Exercise #2 – Hearing a chord progression

Similar to the previous exercise but with an added layer of detail.

Listen to the chord progression and just try to name the numbers for each chord.

Gotcha! They’re the same intervals as the first exercise: 1, 6, 2, 5.

• The progression is the same,  but there is more information to analyze – the chord qualities.
• Karl makes a great point that if he knows the numbers, he can figure out the qualities.
• 1 = major, 6 = minor, 2 = minor, 5 = major (or ‘dominant’).

By memorizing the sequence below you’ll always know the quality of a chord by its interval number AKA ‘scale degree’.

‍

This only applies to major keys but there’s a similar sequence for minor keys too. We’ve got you covered If you want to learn more about music theory. 🎵🧠

Exercise #3 –  Chords with extensions

In this exercise, we focus on recognizing the qualities of chords beyond simple triads.

Karl’s an absolute pro, so don’t feel disheartened if you’re struggling to keep up – use it as inspiration!

As you get more proficient, you’ll be able to identify more complex chords with extensions and different voicings.

Exercise # 4 – Recognizing chord qualities

There may be times when you just want to identify the quality of a single chord.

• Without the context of a key, recognizing a chord quality is more work for your ear.
• Identifying multiple notes at the same time is tricky – try splitting the chord into an arpeggio and singing the individual notes out.

Conclusion

Training your ear may seem impossible at first, but once you wrap your ear around the fundamental skill of identifying intervals, everything else will fall into place.

Keep these long-term goals in mind to stay motivated:

• Learning new songs on the guitar will be a breeze.
• You’ll be more independent – not always relying on tabs.
• Your music theory mind will expand.
• You might even improve your singing ability too! 🎙️

If you really want to level up, check out our Ear Training course led by Michael Mayo – it’s awesome!

Not sure if you’re ready to commit? We’ve got a 14-day free trial so you can try before you buy.

‍

Author: Richard Spooner

Richard Spooner is a writer and musician originally from the UK. After studying contemporary guitar at the Institute of Contemporary Music Performance (ICMP) in London, he toured the UK with various groups, playing styles ranging from acoustic to metal.

Richard's diverse experience gigging, studying music, working in guitar stores, and managing rehearsal studios has given him valuable insight into guitar and what it means to be a working musician. Since 2019, he has been traveling and working as an editor for Pickup Music, while also contributing to Total Guitar, Killer Guitar Rigs, and Guitar Pro. After a decade of performing, he now enjoys creating songs, writing about guitar, and taking long walks on the beach.